Art. Art. IV, pt. 15, 273; Miss. Art. Statement of organization must be filed not later than 15 days after the committee made or received contributions or paid expenses in excess of $500. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Political committee must file a statement of organization. Stat. Const. Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. General election unless the legislature orders a special election. 3501.38), North Dakota (ND Cent. What Are The Different Types And Forms Of . Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Petitions cannot be filed more than 65 days before the deadline. Application process information: A petition requesting a referendum and suspension of the law must be signed by ten qualified voters and filed not more than 30 days after the law that is the subject of the petition has become law (Const. Submission deadline for signatures: Not more than 90 days after the end of the session at which the act was passed (Const. Lieutenant governor forwards petitions that are qualified for the ballot to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, which drafts an impartial title of not more than 100 words summarizing the contents of the proposal. II, 1g; Art. Art II, 10 and Elec. Application process information: Petitioners file a statement containing the object of the petition and the text of the measure with the secretary of state, together with a sworn statement containing the names and street addresses of every person, corporation or association sponsoring the petition (NRS 32-1405). What is on each petition: The format of the petition may be submitted to the chief election official of the appropriate election authority, in advance of filing the petition, for a determination of its sufficiency (Elec. What is on each petition: Form is approved by secretary of state and attorney general and following rules established by secretary of state. Under the optional referendum, a specified number of voters may, by petition, demand a popular vote on a law passed by the legislature (a process similar to the initiative). North Dakota: The secretary of state reviews and if the office deems it insufficient, the committee of petitioners has 20 days to correct it. Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state drafts ballot language statements that fairly and accurately explain what a vote for and what a vote against the measure represent, approved by attorney general (Mo.Rev.Stat. Law 6-203(c)). Geographic distribution: 15% of the total vote cast in the last election in at least of two-thirds of counties (Const. Public review or notice: A pamphlet containing titles, summaries, arguments or explanations for and against each measure and alternative (sponsors may prepare their own arguments/explanations, otherwise the Secretary of State will). 2, 9). Supermajority vote only to change vote requirement. Ballot title and summary: Director of elections, with approval of state board of canvassers, drafts a statement of purpose of not more than 100 words for the ballot (MCL 168.32(2)). Subject restrictions: Prohibited subject areas include general appropriation laws; laws providing for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety; for the payment of the public debt or interest thereon, or the creation or funding of the same, except as in this constitution otherwise provided; for the maintenance of the public schools or state institutions, and local or special laws (Const. . 48, Pt. Submission deadline for signatures: Within 90 days of the adjournment of the legislature which passed the law (SDCL 2-1-3.1). II, 1c and ORC 3519.21). If the legislature does not enact the proposition, then proponents may collect the additional 5% signatures required to get the measure onto the ballot. 19, 3; N.R.S. 100.371), Geographic distribution: Signatures in each of one-half of the 27 congressional districts of the state (F.S.A. A yes vote approves the referred act, and a no vote rejects it. Code 84202.3). II, 1g; Art. What is on each petition: Must follow form per statute, include full text of the measure, follow paper requirements, and printing instructions and internet posting requirements (MCA 13-27-201; 13-27-202; 13-27-204; 13-27-207). The legislative council determines the estimated fiscal impact at least 90 days before the measure is to be voted on. Of course, in some of the above states, timelines concerning filing, signature gathering and deadlines for signatures and the indirect initiative process may impose limits not otherwise spelled out in statute. Q. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Const. A referendum petition with a minimum of 459 valid signatures must be filed within 30 days after the Council action. Art. 218D.810; 293.267). Proponent organization and requirements: One designee will serve for official notices and statement of organization (V.A.M.S. Proponent organization and requirements: Original filing must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors (Const. Const. First, the county clerks do a simple tally and the secretary of state totals these. Art. St. 32-630; 32-628). Const. Art. Art. For statutes, the legislature may amend at any legislative session (U.C.A. Sponsor or group who receives contributions or spends over $500 for the passage or defeat of the referendum must file a statement of organization as a ballot question committee. Art II, 9). Who can sign the petition: Registered electors of the state (M.C.L.A. Const. Submission deadline of signatures: No later than three months and three weeks before the election and made by 3 p.m. on the day of filing (C.R.S.A. Art. Board of Election commissioners and then certified to the secretary of state. Art. Art. Next statewide or general election, whichever comes first that is not less than 60 days after the petition is submitted, At the next ensuing election held throughout the state for members of the U.S. House of Representatives. Geographic requirements based on U.S. House districts, which must be highly equal in population, have been ruled constitutional. IV, 1b). VI, Subpt. III, 5(1)). May not repeal/modify the state's Bill of Rights, amend/repeal provisions relating to the state's public employees' retirement system, amend/repeal right-to-work provision or modify the initiative process, and special rules if includes expenditures. 7-9-107). Art. 2, 10), Majority to pass: Yes (Cal.Const. 14, 3), Ballot title and summary: Proponents but certified by state board of elections and reviewed by attorney general (see 10 ILCS 5/28-5; 10 ILCS 5/16-6; 5 ILCS 20/2), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Filed at least six months before the election with the secretary of state (ILCS Const. 48, Init., Pt. Democracy Definition Examples Cases Processes. 3, 23). Which election: General election, unless the legislature orders a special election (Const. This wording must be used: Shall a law (here insert description, and state, in distinctive type, whether approved or disapproved by the general court and by what vote thereon) be approved?, No statute found; see Michigan Manual 2009-2010, p. IX-2. II, 1b and 1g; O.R.C. Tit. 7-9-114). Petition title and summary creation: Proponents submit a suggested popular name, to be approved or disapproved by the secretary of state (NMSA 1-17-9). 3, 2; NDCC, 16.1-01-17. 1953 20A-7-201). 14, 10. For constitutional amendments, 8 % of the total votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last general election (OR CONST Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Signatures may be withdrawn up to the time of submission of the petition. There is a filing fee of $2,000, which is refunded if the measure qualifies for the ballot within two years (Const. ILCS Const. Art. III, 52(a)). Art. 3, 2). Legislature or other government official review: Reviews done by attorney general and legislative services division. Art. 11 5). Submission deadline of signatures: Sponsors must submit signatures no later than six months before the election and can only start collecting the day after the previous general election (V.A.M.S. Types allowed: Direct initiative for statutes and constitutional amendments and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (V.A.M.S. Code Ann. Outer page of petition pamphlet includes warning to signers. Britannica does not review the converted text. If a petition is declared insufficient but has at least 75% of the required signatures in total and in at least 15 counties, sponsors may have an additional 30 days to gather more signatures. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due by the 15th of every April and October. No. In these states, sponsors may take a draft, or even just an idea, to a legislative office for assistance with the form and content of the initiative before submitting the proposal to the appropriate state official. Const. For constitutional amendment initiatives, 4% of resident population. Tit. Art. Const. Who can sign the petition: Voters who register on or before the date the petition is required to be filed (NRS 32-1404).. (RCW 29A.72.230). Collected in-person: Implied (MCA 13-27-102), Withdrawal process of individual signature: Any time prior to official filing (MCA 13-27-301). Code 82013). Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors (Const. Rule 2.36; Okl.St.Ann. In 2021, Idaho passed. 14, 9; Art. Art. For indirect, statutory initiatives only: The legislature has 40 days to pass the unchanged initiative. 101.161). Must report name and address of donors of $50 or more. Art. 3, 17(1)). The requirement may be waived by a two-thirds vote in each house of the legislature. Other types of review might include recommendations on wording. Designated representatives must, within 10 days of filing a completed petition, file a report containing information about paid circulators and any other expenditures made in relation to circulating petitions (CRS 1-40-121). Ballot title and summary: Submitted to Board of Election Commissioners and then certified to the secretary of state (Ark. Art. Alaska: 1959Arizona: 1912Arkansas: 1920California: 1911Colorado: 1910Idaho: Constitutional provision adopted1912, laws specifying mechanics adopted 1933Maine: 1908Maryland: 1915Massachusetts: 1917Michigan: 1908Missouri: 1908Montana: 1906Nebraska: 1912Nevada: 1904New Mexico: 1911North Dakota: 1914Ohio: 1912Oklahoma: 1907Oregon: 1902South Dakota: 1898Utah: 1900Washington 1912Wyoming: 1968, Four states have no restrictions on what sorts of laws can be subjected to the popular referendum: Arkansas, Idaho, Maine and North Dakota. 1, Part 2). 1953 20A-7-212). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (RCW 29A.84.250). 11 5). Legislator proposes a law, voters vote on it. 2, 9; M.C.L.A. Art. Then within 15 days the attorney general provides certificate of review. Which election is a measure on: General election (N.R.S. LXXXI, 4). The powers defined herein as the "initiative" and "referendum" shall not be used to pass a law authorizing any classification of property for the purpose of levying different rates of taxation thereon or of authorizing the levy of any single tax on land or land values or land sites at a higher rate or by a different rule than is or may be applied to improvements thereon or to personal property (Const. Art. A referred measure may be voted upon at a statewide election or at a special election called by the governor. Which election: Biennial regular election (IC 34-1803). Clerks follow specific guidelines as to verification decisions in code. Art. Rarely has a recall effort against a state-level officeholder ever qualified for the ballot. Art. Const. Timeline for collecting signatures: For direct initiatives, six months to collect (submit proposed measure within 10 months with deadline to submit four months out from the general election). Each page must contain the full text of the measure or an accurate summary approved by the attorney general (Const. Public review or notice: None other found.. Circulator requirements: 18 years-old and US citizen and sworn oath by an official sponsor of the initiative as to the identities of the proposed circulators (W.S.1977 22-24-306). Art. 4, 1, Pt. General review of petition: None other found. Additional stipulations: In Idaho and Nebraska, the law states that the entire measure might not be superseded and that only conflicting parts of the measure may supersede one another. Art. Art. Art. Art. 14, 3 and see Coalition for Political Honesty v. State Board of Elections (1976)). Secretary of state, official committee that filed and approved by attorney general. Number of signatures required: 5% of the total votes cast for governor at the last election (Const. 7-9-106). Arkansas. Direct democracy Simple English the free. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Registration is required prior to making an expenditure for or against a ballot measure; group name must include the title or common name of the measure if the group intends to make more than 50% of its contributions or expenditures toward a single measure (AS 15.13.050). Petition title and summary creation: Petition must include a summary of 100 words or less (MCL 168.482). 3, 17). Timeline for collecting signatures: Signature gathering begins on a date specified by the secretary of state and cannot be less than 15 or more than 30 days from the date when all appeals and rehearings have been resolved or have expired. 295.009 with the secretary of state, and it may be amended pursuant to that statute (N.R.S. 22-24-402. III, 5(1)). ), Const. Const. 22-25-106). Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: For the purposes of the second paragraph of Const. Verification: Random sampling (MCA 13-27-303). Prepared by the secretary of state, upon consultation with the Fiscal Analysis Division of the Legislative Counsel Bureau. Proponent organization and requirements: At most, three people are designated as the chief petitioners and state whether circulators will be paid or not (O.R.S. 22-24-407. Proponents may suggest title (OH Const. Most states only allow an individual to withdraw a signature before the official filing of the petitions. 116.080). V, 1(3)). Thirty percent in Massachusetts (Massachusetts Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Governor may call a special statewide election for the measure. Must be submitted to the local registrars two weeks before submission to secretary of state (M.G.L.A. NAME _____ Period____ US History Midterm Review Packet Directions: Your goal is to create a booklet and fill in the data by using all resources: Terms, Canvas PowerPoints, Binder with assignments by Unit, US History Text, and the Guided Readers, along with the Gateway textbook. Art. Eighteen months, but cannot start collecting more than two years before the election, and a deadline of six months before the general election. 2, 8), Maine (M.R.S.A. 5, 1; A.C.A. 4, 5). If signatures are determined to be insufficient, an additional 10 days is allowed to gather more signatures. Proponent organization and requirements: Lists of circulators and notaries who notarized the petition sections must be filed with the secretary of state. To make it more difficult to place initiatives on the ballot and to ensure initiatives do not represent just the interests of heavily populated areas, some states have created a requirement that signatures be gathered from across the state. LXXXI, 4). 14, 11. And must be filed four months before election. The initiative and referendum process enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Miss. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (AS 15.45.360). V, 1(4)(a)). Majority to pass: Yes (M.C.L.A. Recall, the device by which voters may remove public officials from office, also originates with the people. 3, 18), Collected in-person: Yes (M.R.S.A. Art. A statement of 100 words or less by secretary of administration and finance regarding fiscal consequences of the measure. 19, 1), Proponent organization and requirements: Must file any PACs formed to advance the measure and authorize no more than three people to withdraw or amend the petition (N.R.S. Types allowed: Direct citizen initiative for statutes and amendments and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (C.R.S.A. What is on each petition: Petition must include the full text of the measure, the affidavit of the circulator (Const. 295.012; 293.127563; Angle v. Miller, 2010, 722 F.Supp.2d 1206. Who creates petitions: Secretary of state approves the format and printers proof (C.R.S.A. Art. Submission deadline for signatures: 5 p.m. on or before the 90th day after the recess of the legislature, or if the 90th day is a weekend or holiday, by 5 p.m. on the preceding day which is not a weekend or holiday (Const. IV, 1). Fiscal review: State auditor prepares, and proponents may submit proposed review (V.A.M.S. 4, 1, Pt. III, 52(a)). 1-40-105). The president of the Senate and the speaker of the House of Representatives have authority to designate groups of members to prepare arguments for and against amendments to the Ohio Constitution proposed by the General Assembly, a person or persons to prepare an argument for any law, section, or item submitted to the electors by referendum petition, and a person or persons to prepare an argument against any constitutional amendment proposed by initiative petition. Proponents are required to ensure that all circulators receive instruction on the requirements and prohibitions imposed by state law with respect to signature gathering (Elec. (NMSA 1-17-2) Each signature page is limited to one county and must bear the circulator's certificate and a warning to signers (NMSA 1-17--5); circulators must also present full and correct copy of the law (NMSA 1-17-3). St. 32-1407). Art. Art. 1953 20A-7-212). Proponent organization and requirements: At the time of filing a draft, proponents must designate the names and mailing addresses of two people who will represent the proponents in all matters related to the petition (CRS 1-40-104). 1953 20A-7-206). III, 3, Neb. IV, pt. Timeline for taking effect: Becomes effective 30 days after the day it is approved by a majority of votes (Const. Time limit may be shorter if circulation begins late, because signatures must be submitted no later than 40 days after the legislative session ends regardless of when signature gathering began (Utah Code 20A-7-306(1)). Art. Art. The attorney general may determine an act of the legislature is the same as a proposed law and will remove it from appearing on the ballot (W.S.1977 22-24-304; 22-24-319). For indirect statutory initiatives, roughly 11 months and two weeks (N.R.S. Number of signatures required: 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election (IC 34-1805). To place amendment on ballot, legislature must pass resolution with three-fifths majority (F.S.A. Legislature or other government official review: Secretary of state writes arguments for and against the measure with information provided by proponents and opponents (Neb.Rev.St. 19-125), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No statute, Conflicting measures: The measure that receives the greatest number of affirmative votes (A.R.S. Const. Withdrawal process of individual signature: None, "An elector's name may not be removed by the elector from a petition that has been submitted to and received by the secretary of state" (NDCC 16.1-01-09(5)). Art. Application process information: Original draft of petition must be submitted to secretary of state before circulating, including a suggested popular name; secretary of state approves and certifies both or disproves and specifies each deficiency (NMSA 1-17-8). A committee formed to support or oppose a ballot measure must register by filing a statement of organization with the Ethics Commission when its contributions or expenditures exceed $1,000. 5, 1). Circulator requirements: Must be at least 18 and an Ohio resident (O.R.C. Collected in-person: Yes (O.R.C. In some states, the legislature or governor may order a special election for a measure. V, 3). Signatures gathered in violation of these requirements are void (ARS 19-101(A)). Sponsors draft summary and submit to board of state canvassers for approval. OK Const. What is on each petition: A fair, concise summary of the proposed measure must appear at the top, along with the names and residences of the first 10 signers (Const. Under the constitution, an act takes effect 90 days after it is enacted. For indirect initiative states, this review process involves the legislature and can be quite extensive. 250.048; OR CONST Art. In Maine, Oklahoma and Utah, the law includes additional requirements to those governing conflicting measures: In Alaska, if the lieutenant governor and the attorney general determine an act of the legislature is the same as the proposed measure, then the citizen initiative is voided (AS 15.45.210). 3519.21; 3519.01; 3519.03), What is on each petition: Full copy of the title and text of the law, room for signatures and information of signers, a signed circulator statement, circulators name and address, name of employer of circulator, summary, attorney generals certification, a notice, and names of at least three of the committee members sponsoring the initiative (OH Const. hired children as a source of cheap labor. 7-9-103). III, 4 and NRS 32-1414). 3; Const. In an example we calculated the variance and standard deviation for Location 1 of Gilotti's Pizzeria restaurants. States decide how the ballot title and summary are created and any requirements for the wording of the measure on the ballot. II, 1 (b) and RCW 29A. 4, Pt. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to quarterly reporting and following rules set by board of elections (10 ILCS 5/9-15). Art. 16-906; 16-926; 19-111; 19-124), Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to spending reports, establishing a bank account, and quarterly and pre-election campaign finance reports (A.R.S. III, 4), Timeline for taking effect: Ten days (Ne.Rev.St. An act referred to the people that was in effect at the time of the election and is approved by the people remains in effect. Timeline for taking effect: Upon publication of the certificate by the secretary of state of the result of the vote (Const. Proponent organization and requirements: Application must designate a committee of three sponsors who will represent all sponsors and subscribers in matters relating to the referendum (AS 15.45.270). The ballot initiative, a form of direct democracy, is the process through which citizens exercise the power to place measures otherwise considered by state legislatures or local governments on statewide and local ballots for a public vote. The Secretary of State's Office is currently operating on an appointment-only basis. *While the Colorado residency requirement for circulators was struck down in Independence Institute v. Gessler, the court upheld the requirement that a circulator present to the notary a specific type of identification. If 20 % or more of signatures on any part are invalid, then the burden to prove the rest are valid falls on the sponsors (Ark.

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