[14] This is a case of leaving something unsaid which is nevertheless understood. In the book there are many examples of the theme of the painfulness of growing up in the book. Translation difficulties and lexical pecularities are the main points of an analyses. J. D. Salinger used a lot of epithets in his work The Cather in the Ray in order to present a good characteristic of the characters which are in the work and of the objects that he used in his work the epithets were used for pointing out to the reader some of the properties or features of the characters and of the objects with the aim of giving an individual perception and evaluation of these features or properties. So it is the central. Stradlater wanted holden to write it but he did not want to write it. The Life Song I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. Slangisms are often used in colloquial speech but not all colloquialisms are slangisms. The glove was covered with poems which Allie had written on it so he could read them when he became bored in the outfield. In much the same way arguments and explanations may be confused with each other, so too may explanations and justifications. . Yet the novel is not without its sharp advocates, who argue that it is a critical look at the problems facing American youth during the 1950's. you to an academic expert within 3 minutes. Holden can think about and judge the Eskimo in the display case, but the Eskimo will never judge him back. Besides, a short, compared with the noun predicate can not bear the emphatic sense of a large group of nouns. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. ; his preference for the first person narrative; his attitudes towards sex, war, phony world, materialism and false values; his constant references to music and songs, to the movie industry, to movie stars and to famous movies; his penchant for constantly making references in his literary creations to writers, to literary works and classic characters; his preference for creating stories around the brother-sister relationship, but also around the idea of family and the relationships between family members; his love for children and the innocence they stand for; his multitude of representative names and characters and his preference for dialogue and replies; his tendency to use real and historical data or to introduce in his fiction real. Its hopeless, anyway. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. He feels like he has a duty to save other people from growing up and maturing. . (J. D. Salinger: 7). These two criterias identify the needs for a good knowledges in English in some of its branches of science. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. This is why you remain in the best website to see the incredible book to have. You can view our. All three of these symbols have great significance in this book. We can see that it were negative comments, hard criticsMany critics told that there wasnt any novel that went into the adolescence as this Salingers work. Through this hyperbole the author wanted to point out to the reader what could do one little English job through this stylistic device the author intensify the functions of a little English job.. While most of Holden's confusion stems from what he interprets as a homosexual come-on from Mr. Antolini, some of it stems from the conversation they have. In order to achieve the main goal and to study these important features of this theme the following specific objectives must be considered. Log in here. Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead. We also see how alienated he feels. Does Holden hate Stradlater? ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. Salinger used his teenage years as reference in creating Holden. The Modernists constructed their works out of fragments, omitting the exposition, transitions, resolutions, and explanations used in traditional literature., Many scientists investigated J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray expressed their points of view such as: In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness [among youths] that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." Then I got the hell out. Polyseme in the same time is the capacity for a sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) The writer of the novelThe Cather in the Ray also used another interjection such as Yeah? These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. The museum presents him with a vision of life he can understand: it is frozen, silent, and always the same. Michael Cart, "Famous Firsts. This straightforward, simple read is nonetheless used in many schools today for its rich content of symbols and truthfulness. collected. Holden then tears up the composition in anger, and they get into a fight. The point the authors trying to make is the pond itself becomes a minor metaphor for the world as Holden sees it, because it is partly frozen and partly not frozen. Such statements may help us understand why the person committed the crime, however an uncritical listener may believe the speaker is trying to gain sympathy for the person and his or her actions. All stylistic devices are multi functional. Others, however, nominated Salinger himself as the top-flight "catcher in the rye" for that period in American history. The straightforward approach to his novel caused a hurricane of controversy in America. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. Modernists shared a common purpose. In this case, a translator who is not familiar with the idiom in question may easily accept the literal interpretation and miss the play on idiom. This is not possible. Traumatized and made acutely aware of the fragility of life by his brother Allie's death, Holden is terrified by the idea of change and disappearance. The pressure of adolescent sexualityan important theme throughout The Catcher in the Rye makes itself felt here for the first time: Holden's greatest worry is that Stradlater will make sexual advances toward Jane. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. Salinger portrays how Holden in Catcher in the Rye changes to a different man when he is at the water fountain in Central Park, as the case in Mark Twains Huckleberry Finn in which Huck changes when he is on the Mississippi River. In the case of the "hammer and anvil" idiom, a lexical rendering could be "to be in an uneasy, stressing situation". Written translation as well as oral one presents itself a complex and manifold process. He and his friend Mal Brossard decide to take a bus into Agerstown to see a moviethough Holden hates moviesand Holden convinces Mal to let Ackley go with them. i have to pick 2 points on Allie's baseball mitt that reflects on isolation. Latest answer posted April 29, 2021 at 3:04:20 PM. They also include expressions which seem ill-formed because they do not follow the grammatical rules of the language. Concerning the translation of comparison as a stylistic device, the difficulties arise only if the words of English and other languages are various in the semantic structure. for a group? Who is Holden talking to? All mentioned above features about translation difficulties single out that it can be concluded: there are three main types of translation difficulties: grammatical, lexical and stylistical difficulties in translation. To show the definition of the translation difficulties and to identify the types that could exist; To describe the main features of J. D. Salingers work The Catcher in the Rye; To make a clear deffinition of the lexical peculiarities and to point the types of this peculiarities for identification of them in the Salinger's work The Catcher in the Rye; To analize Salinger's work and to identify the translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye.; To identify the main meaning of the words that were used by the author in the order to point out their function in the context; To point out the usage of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in the analysed text; To investigate grammatical, lexical, stylistic and phraseological difficulties of translation in J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. The word kid is one of the numerous words which is used in the context with all his meanings such as Ackley kid? Transposition is required when the English sentence contains a large group of nouns with indefinite article and then it is natural that they, being the center of informative message are placed at the end of the sentence. In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness among youths that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. Salinger portrays all of society to be bad, and for many character's isolation from society is the only way to achieve happiness. Continue to start your free trial. Holden says he fought on D Day. This term means a word that has the same or similar form in the source and target languages but another meaning in the target language. Volume 17, The World book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc a Scott Fetzer Company Chicago London Sydney Toronto 1997; http://www.digischool.nl/ckv1/literatuur/salinger/salinger1.htm. It wouldnt come off. with free plagiarism report. Transposition, thats, change of structure of the sentence may be caused by several reasons. Paradigmatic equivalence, where there is equivalence of `the elements of a paradigmatic expressive axis', i.e. He just got a Jaguar. The third type of difficulty is the need to be sensitive to total context, including the intended audience of the translation. But in real-world relationships, people talk back, and Phoebe reveals how different her childhood is from Holden's romanticized notion. In this chapter also will be exemplifies that Salingers fiction followed a chronological evolution, that there has been a well defined process of creating certain typical characters and that his characters evolved from the early prototypes in his short stories to the fully developed characters in his mature works, or even disappeared for good from his literary creations in a few cases. In the preparatory phase of a translation, cognition, in the form of self-consciousness and self-confidence, plays a very important role, inasmuch as this period implies conscious mental activities, where translating problems are detected and analyzed, and information and knowledge are accumulated. Another important aspect of this chapter focused on the presentation of the major themes developed by Salinger in his novel, in the Nine Stories collection and in some of his mature and last publications until 1965 when he stopped publishing his writings. For this reason, the translator plays an important role as a bilingual or multi-lingual cross-cultural transmitter of culture and truths by attempting to interpret concepts and speech in a variety of texts as faithfully and accurately as possible. He worshipped the memory of Allie,and he kept Allie's left-handed mitt in his suitcase. E.G. Holden never comments on the hats significance other than to mention its unusual appearance. In literature and writing, a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. A) because he often drinks and drives B) because he views her as a sexual conquest C) because he has another girlfriend D) because he will likely make her pay her own way B) because he views her as a sexual conquest 300 Does Holden really dislike Stradlater? Analysis of the translation into Romanian of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, which represents my major contribution to this research paper it was focused on presenting the Romanian versions of Salingers novel in order to find the main translation difficulties translation as well as its impact on Romanian readership. The author used the hyperbole which is deliberate overstatement or exaggeration and the aim of this hyperbole is to intensify the main features of the novel and to show its utter absurdity. He is mad that he is not able to stop the kids from getting their innocence taken away. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or . Why does Holden wear the red hunting hat? Of course, Holden himself is guilty of both these crimes. "The Catcher in the Rye" is supposedly being written in the first person by a sixteen-year-old boy. As there are no equivalent expressions in the target language, the nuances of this kind taken from the whole novel are lost in Romanian translation. Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. Language, then, is the heart within the bodies of culture, and it is the interaction between the two that results in the continuation of life-energy. Just got back from New York with fencing team and because he was on his way to say goodbye to Mr.Spencer. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. As mentioned above, the language in The Catcher in the Rye contains many American slang expressions. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. After the excursion, Mal goes off to look for a bridge game, and Ackley sits on Holdens bed squeezing pimples and concocting stories about a girl he claims to have had sex with the summer before. Holden's isolation is expressed in the fact that while Stradlater goes out on a date, Holden is all alone in his dorm room, doing homework for his roommate. There are three types of characters speech that could be used in writing and these types are: J. D. Salinger in his novel used all these three types of characters speech in his work The Cather in the Ray. Nevertheless the translators have tried to compensate this loss through distinctive methods. Out of these words, people. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only does it . There are many thorns that can mortify us during the translation process, whatever the nature of the text we face, and translators should be aware of them. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. He is angry at life for being so unfair. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. The quote also shows his viepoint on all adults. Holden wouldn't stop talking about Jane and kept calling him a moron and insulting him Where did Holden go immediately after the fight? Works Cited Salinger, J. D. The Catcher in the Rye. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. The third reason presenting lexical difficulties in translation the difference in combinability. He is a nonconformist. The term translators false friends (les faux amis) was introduced by the French theorists of translation M. Koessler and J. Derocquigny in 1928. It should be mention that this research work represents a great theoretical value for those willing to take up their future carrier in the field of translations as invaluable reference to the methods and the ways of translation of literary masterpieces. Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our The stylistic device that was used by the author in the work is the following hyperbole Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language the source- and in the other language-the target. The second chapter contains practical information from the book written by the writer that represent this period J. D. Salinger with his best-known novel The Catcher in the Rye. The general conclusion that can be drawn is that there cannot be a perfect translation, but there can be made efforts to try to find the best version of rendering a text from the SL into the TL. As the book progresses, however, we learn that Holden has built cynical psychological armour around himself to protect himself from the complexities of the world. essay, The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold, Catcher in the Rye Essay Argumentative Essay, Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher in the Rye', Write They are eulogistic and ephemeral unless they become language metaphors by being diffused through popular speech and, later, the media. D Salinger. Holden tears up the composition because Stradlater dislikes the poem and which infuriates him. Loneliness supposes a change in life for too many characters. At this point in the novel, Holden's sense of disadvantage and corresponding bitterness seem somewhat strange, given his circumstances: he's clearly a bright boy from a privileged New York family. Besides, Im not going to tell you my whole goddam autobiography or anything. He replied, "Jean Gallagher.". Franny and Zooey, NY, Bantam1964: Goodman, Anne. Therefore, the point that the author is trying to make is that the presence of the hat, mirrors the major conflict of the book which is Holdens need for isolation versus his need for companionship. Occasional meanings, suddenly originated in the context are not always arbitrary it is based into the semantic structure of the word. Copyright 2023 Literary Devices. He followed Catcher with a short story collection, Nine Stories (1953), a collection of a novella and a short story, Franny and Zooey (1961), and a collection of two novellas, Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963). A translation should always include the tasks and the qualities (or even the standards) a translation should perform. Other metaphors are occasionally constructed in individual speech. In his definition of translation equivalence, Popovic distinguished four types: Linguistic equivalence, where there is homogeneity on the linguistic level. The main task of a translator is to remember and take into account all the difficulties of translation and render the authors thought as accurate as possible using different literal devices employed originally by the author., Analysis of the translation into Romanian of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, which represents my major contribution to this research paper it was focused on presenting the Romanian versions of Salingers novel in order to find the main translation difficulties translation as well as its impact on Romanian readership. Jargon, like many examples of slang, may be used to exclude nongroup members from the conversation, but in general has the function of allowing its users to talk precisely about technical issues in a given field. The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. He leaves abruptly, as though trying to escape the torment of his environment. the English Literature by Stulov In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. During a great period of searching it was identified three types of translation difficulty: In his article `On Linguistic Aspects of Translation', Jacobson distinguished three types of translation: But Dagut's distinction between `translation' and `reproduction', like Catford's distinction between `literal' and `free' translation does not take into account the view that sees translation as semiotic change. J. D. Salinger used the simple epithet pretty lousy (J. This is the cause of much difficulty inthinking criticallyaboutclaims. This brief passage occurs in Chapter 3, after Holden has returned to his dorm room and is being pestered by Ackley. Holden responds with this image, which reveals his fantasy of idealistic childhood and of his role as the protector of innocence. 2, August 1951, 82. Ever since its publication in 1951, J.D. Accessed 4 Mar. Little Brown Books, New York: 1945. They are sometimes called dead metaphors. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. When Stradlater complained about the subject matter--"a goddam baseball glove"--Holden took it from him, tore it up and threw it in the trash. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST. American characteristic of the languages ability to adapt nouns into adjectives and nouns into adverbs (usually by adding a letter), which is, unfortunately, not possible in Romanian and thus the translators had to find suitable translation adaptation methods since our languages grammatical patterns do not allow similar adaptations. Why is Holden obsessed with the ducks at the Central Park Lagoon? They think that society is harmful and they dont like to be in it. Idiomatic and fixed expressions have individual collocational patterns. Salingers works start out in bad situations. the absence of the categories in one of the comparing languages; Even assuming monolingual disambiguation . In all languages there are typical norms of word combinability. Both the conversation and Mr. Antolini's head-rubbing serve a similar purpose: they upset Holden's view of the way things are or the way he believes they ought to be. Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. The difficulties while translating are connected most of all with conveyance of national character of one or another work: the brighter it reflects national life the more illuminate characteristic situations the more difficult for the translator to find adequate functional figurative means. International words are words that are used in a wide range of languages in one or several forms. It will be enough to recollect the difficulties that the translator faced with translating wonderful works of outstanding American writer J.D.Salinger. Summarizing: Slinger concentrates on the flow of Holdens voice, the starts and hesitations that echo his behaviour. As his thoughts about the Museum of Natural History demonstrate, Holden fears change and is overwhelmed by complexity. Few linguists have endeavored to clearly define what constitutes slang. . institutes at the university of san diego near old town above mission bay, ap english literature and composition course description from the college board ap free response open question discussion the catcher in the rye discussion august 16 The example for this wrd with its meanings could be like I left the goddam foils andstuff on the subway (J. D. Salinger: p.170 in English and Am uitat blestmatele aleade florete ?i tot echipamentul in metrou. and throughthis example ispinted out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word. . The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions, and way of life. Modernist writers were more acutely conscious of the objectivity of their surroundings. Using our knowledge of collocational patterns may not always tell us what an idiom means but it could easily help us in many cases to recognize an idiom, particularly one which has a literal as well as a non-literal meaning. "Rather than writing a description of a room or a house, Holden writes a description of his younger brother Allies baseball glove. The Catcher In The Rye Essay Throughout the book, The Catcher In the Rye, the theme that I saw reoccurring in the novel was the painfulness of growing up. An important conclusion is that the law of compensation always functions in a translation, as also in the case of the discussed versions of Salingers novel. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. . It is inseparable from our image of Holden, with good reason: it is a symbol of his uniqueness and individuality. There are three types of stylistic devices which were used by the author in The catcher in the Ray: Dictionary and contextual (Metaphors, metonymy, irony etc. Intra-lingual translation or rewording (an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs in the same language). 125, No. What is their relationship? His random and repeated lying highlights his own self-deceptionhe refuses to acknowledge his own shortcomings and is unwilling to consider how his behavior affects those around him. Or a house Just make it descriptive as hell.". One difficulty in translation stems from the fact that most words have multiple meanings. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. What is Holdens relationship with Phoebe like? Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. 2009, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/when-holden-writes-composition-for-stradlater-in-73535. Every word in a language carries some concrete notion. One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. And hes also an important influence for writers as Harold Brodkey or the two Pulitzer Prize- winners John Updike and Philip Roth. By throwing a tantrum. Anything descriptive. Joe has made an argument that the cat has fleas. Little things, such as his interest with the ducks in central park and the glass cases in the museum were not just put in to the story to fill pages, it has meaning behind it. Rev. The Catcher in the Rye and My Name is Asher Lev voice how society is a song, each member having his own verse. For intricate and unspoken reasons, seemingly stemming from Allie's death, Holden has trouble dealing with this kind of complexity. In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? What happens to Holden after his date with Sally Hayes and his meeting with Carl Luce both end badly? He also feels that it is his duty to protect others and himself from growing up. "What did Holden decide to write about in Stradlater's composition in The Catcher in the Rye?" Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. When Stradlater nonchalantly refuses to tell Holden any of the details, Holden attacks him, but Stradlater pins him to the floor and tries to get him to calm down. It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. harmony in order to life, The Importance of Stradlaters Composition in the Catcher in the Rye. Separation of meanings and senses from the context, Despairing individual behaviors in the face of an unmanageable future, Objection of the traditional thoughts and the traditional moralities.

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